diff --git a/lib/6to5/file.js b/lib/6to5/file.js
index f19ef01b87..64d2f7aad0 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/file.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/file.js
@@ -22,8 +22,9 @@ function File(opts) {
 
   this.lastStatements   = [];
   this.opts             = File.normaliseOptions(opts);
-  this.transformers     = this.getTransformers();
   this.ast              = {};
+
+  this.buildTransformers();
 }
 
 File.helpers = [
@@ -145,17 +146,21 @@ File.prototype.isLoose = function (key) {
   return _.contains(this.opts.loose, key);
 };
 
-File.prototype.getTransformers = function () {
+File.prototype.buildTransformers = function () {
   var file = this;
-  var transformers = [];
-  var secondPassTransformers = [];
 
-  _.each(transform.transformers, function (transformer) {
-    if (transformer.canRun(file)) {
-      transformers.push(transformer);
+  var transformers = {};
 
+  var secondaryStack = [];
+  var stack = [];
+
+  _.each(transform.transformers, function (transformer, key) {
+    var pass = transformers[key] = transformer.buildPass(file);
+
+    if (pass.canRun(file)) {
+      stack.push(pass);
       if (transformer.secondPass) {
-        secondPassTransformers.push(transformer);
+        secondaryStack.push(pass);
       }
 
       if (transformer.manipulateOptions) {
@@ -164,7 +169,8 @@ File.prototype.getTransformers = function () {
     }
   });
 
-  return transformers.concat(secondPassTransformers);
+  this.transformerStack = stack.concat(secondaryStack);
+  this.transformers = transformers;
 };
 
 File.prototype.toArray = function (node, i) {
@@ -318,15 +324,15 @@ File.prototype.transform = function (ast) {
   this.moduleFormatter = this.getModuleFormatter(this.opts.modules);
 
   var astRun = function (key) {
-    _.each(self.transformers, function (transformer) {
-      transformer.astRun(self, key);
+    _.each(self.transformerStack, function (pass) {
+      pass.astRun(key);
     });
   };
 
   astRun("enter");
 
-  _.each(this.transformers, function (transformer) {
-    transformer.transform(self);
+  _.each(this.transformerStack, function (pass) {
+    pass.transform();
   });
 
   astRun("exit");
diff --git a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer-pass.js b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer-pass.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f1ac51d489
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer-pass.js
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+module.exports = TransformerPass;
+
+var traverse = require("../traverse");
+var _        = require("lodash");
+
+/**
+ * This class is responsible for traversing over the provided `File`s
+ * AST and running it's parent transformers handlers over it.
+ */
+
+function TransformerPass(file, transformer) {
+  this.transformer = transformer;
+  this.handlers    = transformer.handlers;
+  this.file        = file;
+}
+
+TransformerPass.prototype.astRun = function (key) {
+  var handlers = this.handlers;
+  var file = this.file;
+
+  if (handlers.ast && handlers.ast[key]) {
+    handlers.ast[key](file.ast, file);
+  }
+};
+
+TransformerPass.prototype.canRun = function () {
+  var transformer = this.transformer;
+
+  var opts = this.file.opts;
+  var key  = transformer.key;
+  if (key[0] === "_") return true;
+
+  var blacklist = opts.blacklist;
+  if (blacklist.length && _.contains(blacklist, key)) return false;
+
+  var whitelist = opts.whitelist;
+  if (whitelist.length && !_.contains(whitelist, key)) return false;
+
+  if (transformer.optional && !_.contains(opts.optional, key)) return false;
+
+  if (transformer.experimental && !opts.experimental) return false;
+
+  return true;
+};
+
+var transformVisitor = {
+  enter: function (node, parent, scope, context, state) {
+    var fns = state.handlers[node.type];
+    if (!fns) return;
+    return fns.enter(node, parent, scope, context, state.file, state.pass);
+  },
+
+  exit: function (node, parent, scope, context, state) {
+    var fns = state.handlers[node.type];
+    if (!fns) return;
+    return fns.exit(node, parent, scope, context, state.file, state.pass);
+  }
+};
+
+TransformerPass.prototype.transform = function () {
+  var file = this.file;
+
+  this.astRun("before");
+
+  var state = { file: file, handlers: this.handlers, pass: this };
+  traverse(file.ast, transformVisitor, file.scope, state);
+
+  this.astRun("after");
+};
diff --git a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer.js b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer.js
index 316ca90a53..853ddf142e 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer.js
@@ -2,16 +2,23 @@
 
 module.exports = Transformer;
 
-var traverse = require("../traverse");
-var t        = require("../types");
-var _        = require("lodash");
+var TransformerPass = require("./transformer-pass");
+var traverse        = require("../traverse");
+var t               = require("../types");
+var _               = require("lodash");
+
+/**
+ * This is the class responsible for normalising a transformers handlers
+ * as well as constructing a `TransformerPass` that is repsonsible for
+ * actually running the transformer over the provided `File`.
+ */
 
 function Transformer(key, transformer, opts) {
   this.manipulateOptions = transformer.manipulateOptions;
   this.experimental      = !!transformer.experimental;
   this.secondPass        = !!transformer.secondPass;
-  this.transformer       = this.normalise(transformer);
   this.optional          = !!transformer.optional;
+  this.handlers          = this.normalise(transformer);
   this.opts              = opts || {};
   this.key               = key;
 }
@@ -50,51 +57,6 @@ Transformer.prototype.normalise = function (transformer) {
   return transformer;
 };
 
-Transformer.prototype.astRun = function (file, key) {
-  var transformer = this.transformer;
-
-  if (transformer.ast && transformer.ast[key]) {
-    transformer.ast[key](file.ast, file);
-  }
-};
-
-var transformVisitor = {
-  enter: function (node, parent, scope, context, state) {
-    var fns = state.transformer[node.type];
-    if (!fns) return;
-    return fns.enter(node, parent, scope, context, state.file);
-  },
-
-  exit: function (node, parent, scope, context, state) {
-    var fns = state.transformer[node.type];
-    if (!fns) return;
-    return fns.exit(node, parent, scope, context, state.file);
-  }
-};
-
-Transformer.prototype.transform = function (file) {
-  this.astRun(file, "before");
-
-  var state = { file: file, transformer: this.transformer };
-  traverse(file.ast, transformVisitor, file.scope, state);
-
-  this.astRun(file, "after");
-};
-
-Transformer.prototype.canRun = function (file) {
-  var opts = file.opts;
-  var key  = this.key;
-  if (key[0] === "_") return true;
-
-  var blacklist = opts.blacklist;
-  if (blacklist.length && _.contains(blacklist, key)) return false;
-
-  var whitelist = opts.whitelist;
-  if (whitelist.length && !_.contains(whitelist, key)) return false;
-
-  if (this.optional && !_.contains(opts.optional, key)) return false;
-
-  if (this.experimental && !opts.experimental) return false;
-
-  return true;
+Transformer.prototype.buildPass = function (file) {
+  return new TransformerPass(file, this);
 };
diff --git a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/internal/module-formatter.js b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/internal/module-formatter.js
index a5846a49d6..076c051160 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/internal/module-formatter.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/internal/module-formatter.js
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ var transform = require("../../transform");
 
 exports.ast = {
   exit: function (ast, file) {
-    if (!transform.transformers["es6.modules"].canRun(file)) return;
+    if (!file.transformers["es6.modules"].canRun()) return;
 
     useStrict.wrap(ast.program, function () {
       ast.program.body = file.dynamicImports.concat(ast.program.body);